Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
When a Heart Fails to pump blood in quantity sufficient to fill in the body's requirement a condition of congestive heart failure or heart failure.
Heart failure is when the heart is unable to maintain adequate blood circulation in the body tissue to pump out the veins returned to eat the vein, it is a chronic progressive condition that affects the pumping power of human heart muscles (enough blood not pumped by the heart).
Type of Congestive Heart Failure:
There are four types of congestive heart failure.
(1) Left-side heart failure
(2) Right side heart failure
(3) Systolic heart failure
(4) Diastolic heart failure
(1) Left Side Heart Failure:
⇒It is the most common type of heart failure.
⇒The left ventricle pumps oxygen to reach blood to the rest of the body.
⇒Left-side heart failure occurs when the ventricle does not pump blood deficiency.
⇒Its main factor is the left ventricle, which is unstable in pumping blood in the aorta.
⇒Blood can back up through the left atrium into the pulmonary vein some causes factor of left-side heart failure-
⇒Hypertension
⇒Ischemic Heart Disease (Angina pectoris)
⇒Myocardial Disease.
(2) Right Side Heart Failure:
The heart's right ventricle is too weak to pump enough blood to the lungs when the left side fails. Increased fluid pressure is transferred back to the lung which damages the heart's right side.
Some cause factors of right-side heart failure
⇒Hypertension
⇒Ischemic Heart Disease(Angina Pectoris)
⇒Myocardial Disease
⇒Coronary Artery Disease
(3) Systolic Heart Failure:
This occurs when the left ventricles fail to contract normally, which reduces the level of force available to push blood into circulation without this force the heart cannot pump properly, in which heart muscle can be thin and weak.
(4)Diastolic Heart Failure:
In which the heart muscles can be stiff and thick because they can no longer relax the heart can not quite fill with blood between heartbeats.
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Etiology:
⇒Weakened heart muscles
⇒Cholesterol deposition
⇒Damaged heart wall
⇒Inflammation of heart muscles
⇒Cardiac Arthemis
⇒Hypertension.
Pathogenesis:
Renin + Angiotensinogen
⇓
Angiotensinogen 1
⇓
Angiotensinogen 2
⇓
Peripheral Construction + Aldosterone Secretion
⇓
Decrease Cardiac output + Salt and water retention
⇓
Increase Plasma Volume
⇓
Increase Cardiac Workload
⇓
Ventricular Hypertrophy:
The left ventricular Hypertrophy
⇓
Systolic/Diastolic dysfunction + Atrial fibrillation ventricular arrhythmias
⇓
Observe CHF/HF/CCF
Sign And Symptom:
⇒Feeling Tired
⇒Difficulty in Sleeping
⇒Shortness Of Breathing
⇒Nausea + Vomiting
⇒Chest Pain
⇒Swelling In Feet
⇒Increase Urination
⇒Diarrhea
Diagnosis:
⇒Blood test
⇒ECG
⇒Chest X-Ray
⇒Cardiac MRI (Magnetic Resonance Image)
⇒Stress Testing
⇒CT Coronary Angiogram: This test uses X-ray and dye (Injected intravenously) to determine whether the patient is suffering from coronary artery disease.
Treatment:
⇒Beta –Blocker: Metoprolol, Bisoprolol.
⇒Diuretics: Furosemide (Lasix), Thiazides.
⇒Vasodilator: Captopril, Enalopril, Fosinopril
⇒ACE (Angiotensinogen Converting Enzyme) Inhibitors.
Conclusion:
Understanding congestive heart failure is pivotal for timely intervention and effective management. By recognizing its types, causes, and symptoms, one can navigate this intricate medical landscape proactively.
Disclaimer:
This article provides information on congestive heart failure (CHF), its types, causes, and symptoms. It emphasizes the importance of understanding this chronic condition for timely intervention. Note that this content is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized guidance.
FAQs For Congestive Heart Failure:
What is Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)?
Congestive Heart Failure, commonly known as CHF, is a medical condition where the heart is unable to pump blood in sufficient quantities to meet the body's needs. It is a chronic and progressive condition that affects the heart's ability to effectively circulate blood.
What are the different types of Congestive Heart Failure?
There are four main types of Congestive Heart Failure: Left-side heart failure Right-side heart failure Systolic heart failure Diastolic heart failure
What are the common causes of Congestive Heart Failure?
Common causes of CHF include weakened heart muscles, cholesterol deposition in arteries, damaged heart walls, inflammation of heart muscles, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension.
How does the pathogenesis of CHF work?
The pathogenesis of CHF involves a series of steps, including the activation of the renin-angiotensin system, which leads to increased peripheral constriction, aldosterone secretion, salt and water retention, and eventually ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction.
What are the typical signs and symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure?
Some common signs and symptoms of CHF include feeling tired, difficulty sleeping, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, swelling in the feet, increased urination, and diarrhea.
What are the treatment options for Congestive Heart Failure?
Treatment for CHF may include medications such as beta-blockers, diuretics, and vasodilators. ACE (Angiotensinogen Converting Enzyme) inhibitors are also commonly prescribed. Additionally, lifestyle modifications and dietary changes may be recommended to manage the condition.
